# Baseline Similarity: Urban Planning Framework

**Prompt:** Develop a physicalist metaphysical framework to explain the nature of the Universe.

**Embedding model:** openai/text-embedding-3-small
**Average pairwise cosine similarity:** 0.8606
**Range:** 0.7756 – 0.9239 (σ = 0.0339)

## Comparison with Metaphysics Experiment

| Experiment | Average | Range | σ |
|-----------|---------|-------|---|
| Metaphysical Framework | 0.79 | 0.71–0.86 | 0.035 |
| Baseline (Urban Planning) | 0.86 | 0.78–0.92 | 0.034 |

## Pairwise Similarity Matrix

| | Grok | Nova 2 Lite | Gemini | GPT-OSS 120B | Claude | GPT-5.4 | Qwen | GLM-5 | MiniMax M2.7 | MiMo-V2-Pro | Kimi K2.5 | Nemotron | DeepSeek |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Grok** | — | 0.907 | 0.850 | 0.907 | 0.882 | 0.897 | 0.824 | 0.858 | 0.924 | 0.901 | 0.893 | 0.912 | 0.896 |
| **Nova 2 Lite** | 0.907 | — | 0.814 | 0.865 | 0.847 | 0.889 | 0.791 | 0.832 | 0.899 | 0.911 | 0.846 | 0.900 | 0.865 |
| **Gemini** | 0.850 | 0.814 | — | 0.871 | 0.816 | 0.776 | 0.816 | 0.853 | 0.794 | 0.820 | 0.887 | 0.832 | 0.829 |
| **GPT-OSS 120B** | 0.907 | 0.865 | 0.871 | — | 0.883 | 0.858 | 0.846 | 0.861 | 0.870 | 0.897 | 0.910 | 0.881 | 0.872 |
| **Claude** | 0.882 | 0.847 | 0.816 | 0.883 | — | 0.853 | 0.851 | 0.872 | 0.857 | 0.888 | 0.876 | 0.856 | 0.859 |
| **GPT-5.4** | 0.897 | 0.889 | 0.776 | 0.858 | 0.853 | — | 0.785 | 0.807 | 0.888 | 0.883 | 0.822 | 0.863 | 0.836 |
| **Qwen** | 0.824 | 0.791 | 0.816 | 0.846 | 0.851 | 0.785 | — | 0.834 | 0.806 | 0.837 | 0.840 | 0.821 | 0.803 |
| **GLM-5** | 0.858 | 0.832 | 0.853 | 0.861 | 0.872 | 0.807 | 0.834 | — | 0.832 | 0.856 | 0.878 | 0.874 | 0.878 |
| **MiniMax M2.7** | 0.924 | 0.899 | 0.794 | 0.870 | 0.857 | 0.888 | 0.806 | 0.832 | — | 0.889 | 0.829 | 0.895 | 0.883 |
| **MiMo-V2-Pro** | 0.901 | 0.911 | 0.820 | 0.897 | 0.888 | 0.883 | 0.837 | 0.856 | 0.889 | — | 0.864 | 0.905 | 0.877 |
| **Kimi K2.5** | 0.893 | 0.846 | 0.887 | 0.910 | 0.876 | 0.822 | 0.840 | 0.878 | 0.829 | 0.864 | — | 0.870 | 0.879 |
| **Nemotron** | 0.912 | 0.900 | 0.832 | 0.881 | 0.856 | 0.863 | 0.821 | 0.874 | 0.895 | 0.905 | 0.870 | — | 0.896 |
| **DeepSeek** | 0.896 | 0.865 | 0.829 | 0.872 | 0.859 | 0.836 | 0.803 | 0.878 | 0.883 | 0.877 | 0.879 | 0.896 | — |